The concept of electricity is both familiar and mysterious. This book on the subject of electric circuits forms part of an interesting initiative taken by ventus publishing. Introduction to network theorems in electrical engineering. Difficult electric circuit concepts such as sinusoids and phasors are explicated in an effective way so that basic understanding can be properly achieved. Whether analog or digital, information is represented by the fundamental quantity in. Here you can download the free lecture notes of electric circuits pdf notes ec notes pdf materials with multiple file links to download. Electrical theory technology, plc concepts and basic electronics photo credit. Also, the most basic quantity in an elec tric circuit is the. A simple way to understand electrical circuits is to think of them as pipes. Chapter 4 basic electrotechnical units and theory 79 chapter 5 basic scienti.
The following text is designed to provide an efficient introduction to electronic circuit design. Use eye protection when experimenting on your own circuits. Voltage is the electric potential that exists to move a charge. Fundamental of electric circuits alexander sadiku 1. Students will learn different applications of commonly used electrical machinery. Lets start with three very basic concepts of electricity.
Sep 11, 2016 magnetic circuit is defined as the path followed by a magnetic flux. It can store electrical pressure voltage for periods of time. Main difference between electrical and electronic engineering. Electrical designers use it to determine how much voltage is required for a certain load, like a motor, a computer, or even a house full of appliances. Lets say you have a simple circuit with a voltage source.
There are a number of basic concepts that form the foundations of todays electronics and radio technology. This was the convention chosen during the discovery of electricity. This course introduces the basic concepts of circuit analysis which is the foundation for all subjects of the electrical engineering discipline. Let us consider a toroid having a magnetic path of. In the bottom circuit, the potential difference is doubled to 3 volts. Understanding circuit symbols and components is another one of the basic building blocks needed to become an electrician. Successfully performing electrical work requires the ability to read and interpret many different types of drawings and diagrams. If we take a wire, or many wires, joined endtoend, and loop it around so that it forms a continuous pathway, we have the means to support a uniform flow of charge. Electric circuits pdf notes ec notes pdf eduhub smartzworld. Always use a power switch to remove power when building circuits.
Lessons in electric circuits, volume i dc by tony r. Electric charge is a property of subatomic particles. Basic electrical engineering pdf notes bee pdf notes. Principle of operation of dc machines, types of dc generators. The most beautiful concept on which the entire theory of electrical engineering is built up, is. Two basic laws that describe the performance of electric circuits are ohms law and kirchhoffs circuit. Students will learn strong basics of electrical engineering and practical implementation of electrical fundamentals. Volume 1 of 4 module 1 basic electrical theory this module describes basic electrical concepts and introduces electrical terminology. Be sure that all connections are securely fastened. Lessons in electric circuits volume i dc chapter 1.
In order to understand even the simplest concepts of electronics, you must first understand what electricity is. After successful completion, the troubleshooter can improve their understanding of dc, ac, three phase circuits, relays, contactors, plc, electronics, and other related technology. An electric circuitis an interconnection of electrical elements. Intro to electricity nyu tandon school of engineering. After all, the whole purpose of electronics is to get electricity to do useful and interesting things. Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of matter, measured in coulombs c. Your calculator manual will tell you how to set each display mode. So if you know two of the three characteristics, your can calculate the third one. Pdf fundamental of electric circuits alexander sadiku 1. Give students a standard photocopy of a floor plan see the end of this activity plan that includes a kitchen and have them draw one or two 12device circuits using electrical. The circuit for the electricity to flow round needs to be built of electrical conductors and must provide a loop from the positive to the negative terminal of the battery. Circuits can be classified according to the type of current they carry see alternating current, direct current or according to whether the current remains whole series or divides to flow through several branches simultaneously parallel. In this post we cover ohms law, ac and dc current, circuits and more.
Know the fundamental of electrical engineering and practical. Electrical engineering basic concepts electrical technology. Variable resistor concept in electrical circuit, a switch is used to turn the electricity on and off just like a valve is used to turn the water on and off. The concept of electric charge is the underlying principle for explain ing all electrical phenomena. Electrical power is derived from either utilities or internal generators and is distributed through transformers to deliver usable voltage levels. From its beginnings in the late nineteenth century, electrical engineering has blossomed from focusing on electrical circuits for power, telegraphy and telephony to focusing on a much broader range of disciplines. Be sure that parts with positive or negative markings are positioned as shown in the drawings. Refer to sections 1, 2 and 3 in chapter 1 of your text electric circuit. And also the equations and formulas of the above circuits are exempted in this article to reduce the complexity, but the overall idea is to give a basic concept about the electrical circuits.
Electron flow is what actually happens and electrons flow out of the negative terminal, through the circuit and into the positive terminal of the source. Students will learn strong basics of electrical engineering and practical. Basic electrical circuits and their working for electrical. Module 6 dc motors this module describes the types of dc motors and includes discussions of speed control, applications, and load characteristics. Voltage v1 is the electrical potential gained by moving charge q1 in an electric.
Electronicsbasic concepts wikibooks, open books for an. Pdf basic concepts of electrical engineering by kuldeep. When the switch is actuated, the load activates and the current gets a path to complete the circuit from a high potential level to the opposite low potential level. The primary purpose of this compendium is to introduce to students the very fundamental and core concepts of electricity and electrical networks.
Basic concepts of electrical engineering 8 the value of the voltage or current of an a. Electrical components and measuring instruments this section will give an overview of. I direct current dc modern life could not exist if it were not for electricity and electronics. Use mydaq digital multimeter dmm to test mysnap components if they appear to be damaged or not working properly. Practical implementation of fundamental theory concepts. Volts, amps, watts, fuse sizing, wire gauge, acdc, solar power and more. The concepts in this unit are the essen tial basics that you must understand, because youll build upon them as you study electrical circuits and systems. Whether it is an electrical heater, a large electrical grid system, a mobile phone, computer, remote sensor node or whatever, the concept of electrical current is central to its.
Electricity is the flow of electric charge electrons. The course provides a broad introduction to electrical circuits without overemphasizing mathematical formulas. Science physics circuits ohms law and circuits with resistors basic electrical quantities. Therefore, a basic understanding of electronic circuits will allow the mechanical engineer to evaluate whether or not a given electrical specification is reasonable and feasible.
In electrical engineering, we are often interested in communicating or transferring energy from one point to another. Capacitor concept a capacitor is an energy storage element which is analogous to the spring element of mechanical systems. Pdf in this booklet, an account of some circuit ideas and concepts which are generally not referred to in ordinary textbooks, are given. When a capacitor has a difference in voltage electrical pressure across its plate, it is said to be charged.
Circuit theory i an electric circuit is an interconnection of electrical elements. It is therefore important, in the analysis of electric circuits, to know the properties of the involved components as well as the way the components are connected to form the circuit. Superposition theorem, thevinins theorem, nortorns theorem, maximum power transfer theorem, reciprocity theorem, resonance in electrical circuits. The math and basic electrical concepts of this unit are very similar to the foundation of a building. Electric current is one of the most basic concepts that exists within electrical and electronic science electric current is at the core of the science of electricity. Lin, linear circuit analysis, second edition, 2001. The electrical science handbook consists of fifteen modules that are contained in four volumes. A circuit is an interconnection of electrical components.
The small capacitors usually used in electronics are often measured in microfarads and nanofarads. The emphasis of this course is laid on the basic analysis of circuits which includes single phase circuits, magnetic circuits, theorems, transient analysis and network topology. The product of electric force in volts and current in amperes is electrical power, measured in watts w. Toppers notes electrical engineering notes pdf for gate. Electric charge refers to a fundamental property of matter that even physicists dont totally understand. Basic electrical engineering pdf free download bee notes pdf. In dc circuits, the excitation applied is a constant source.
An energy source forces a constant current of 2 a for 10 s to. However, the concept of conventional current is still applied to almost all the circuit. Magnetic flux always has a tendency to follow low reluctance path. Based on the type of connection of active and passive components with the source, a circuit can be classified into series and parallel circuits. Mar 08, 2011 basic electrical concepts in each plant, the mechanical movement of different equipments is caused by an electric prime mover motor. We all know what electricity is, or at least have a rough. Knife switches are great for illustrating the basic principle of how a switch works, but they present distinct safety problems when used in highpower electric circuits. Basic concepts 2 of 7 basic circuit elements duration. The electric circuits notes pdf ec pdf notes book starts with the topics covering voltage and current sources, network reduction techniques, r. Brush up on some basic electrical theory and deepen your knowledge about electricity. If you increase the potential difference, more electrons will flow. The following is a brief description of the information presented in each module of the handbook.
Voltage, current, resistance, power the mountain analogy current, voltage, resistance, and power are the four basic properties of electrical circuits. Volume 3 of 4 module 7 basic ac theory this module describes the basic concepts of alternating current ac electrical circuits and discusses the associated terminology. A simple electric circuit electric circuit of a radio receiver. Chapter 1 basic concepts of electricity pdf version.
Basic electrical engineering pdf free download links. Metals are by far the most common electrical conductors, but there are also all kinds of other materials that can be. This pool of electrons is available for electronic components to use. Apr 07, 2015 an electrical circuit is a network consisting of a closed loop, giving a return path for the current through a switch. Concepts in electric circuits sunrise institute of engineering. Electrical theory technology, plc concepts and basic. Getting started with basic electronics is easier than you might think. There are times when you want some water but dont need all the water that the pipe can deliver, so you control water flow by adjusting the faucet. Ohms law is the basic formula used in all ac and dc electrical circuits. All electrical engineering students who are preparing gate, ies, ssc je exam 2019 search on internet gate notes for electrical engineering pdf for their help study, in this article engineering exams provides you electrical engineering notes pdf.
The history of electricity starts more than two thousand years ago, with the greek philosopher thales being the earliest known researcher into electricity. Handson laboratory experiments allow the student to learn basic concepts and gain experience in building a wide. Basic electrical circuits basic electrical circuits is designed as an introductory laboratory course in electricity. Electrical wiring of the distribution board with rcd, single phase, from energy meter to the main distribution board fuse board connection. How the electric utility industry generates and delivers power to its customers covering basics, delivery, safety and generation. An electric circuit is formed by interconnecting components having different electric properties. Engineers mininotebook formulas, tables and basic circuits.
These theorems use fundamental rules or formulas and basic equations of mathematics to analyze basic components of electrical or electronics parameters such as voltages, currents, resistance, and so on. The principles apply to alternating current ac, direct current dc, or radio frequency rf. Electrical current, or flow of electrons, is measured in amperes a. Some of the figures in this slide set are taken from the books r. Using the basic electrical floor plan and the symbol chart on the following pages, explain the electrical symbols to the students. The laws of magnetic circuit are quite similar to the electric circuit but the terms used in magnetic circuit analysis is different. Instantaneous power, real power, reactive power and apparent power, concept of power factor, frequency. Electrical designers use it to determine how much voltage is required for a certain.
S and average values and form factor for different periodic wave forms, series rl, rc, rlc and. In this chapter we discuss the basics of electrical engineering like. In an electronic circuit, the electromagnetic problem of voltages at arbitrary points in space is typically simplified to voltages between nodes of circuit components such as resistors, capacitors, and transistors. This instructable will hopefully demystify the basics of electronics so that anyone with an interest in building circuits can hit the ground running. Aug 01, 2012 electric circuitschapter1 basic concept 1.
Electric circuit theorems are always beneficial to help find voltage and currents in multi loop circuits. In addition, techniques to analyse and solve electric circuits are explained in a simple manner and examples are shown to demonstrate each strategy. Principle of operation of dc motors, types of dc motors. Download basic concepts of electrical engineering by kuldeep sahay, shivendra pathak this book presents an experimentoriented, sound, modularized coverage of fundamental laws of electrical engineering, dc circuit analysis and network theorems, electromagnetism, magnetic circuits. To do this requires an interconnection of electrical devices. In particular, basic circuit elements and their characteristics are presented when connected in an electric network. Kuphaldt fifth edition, last update october 18, 2006. The answer to this paradox is found in the concept of a circuit. Ac circuit behavior can also be analyzed by combining the above circuits like rl, rc and rlc circuits in series as well as in parallel combinations. Pdf chapter 1 of the book,basic concepts of electrical. For now this is not terribly important to be aware of, just the basic concept of what a switch is and how it works.
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